Záw

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• 12 2. Two argument verbs Tadaksahak Tamasheq gloss (imperative) causative passive other forms cognate gloss (20) bring zaw ʃiʃiwi tewi nemewi awǝy to bring ‘be contagious’ senemewi ‘contaminate’ (21) call somebody cew seɣret tuwaɣra anemeɣra ăɣru to call ‘namesake’ (22) climb/ride kedi suwun tewen amawaṇ ǝwǝṇ to ride (animal) ‘rider’ (23) cut/slaughter dumbu zegzem tegzem ǝgzǝm to slaughter (24) do da ʃiga tega nemega ǝgu to do ‘do to each other’ (25) drink nin ʃiʃu tiʃu ăʃ(w …

  Christiansen & Christiansen (2002), Some verb morphology features of Tadaksahak, or: Berber or Songhay, this is the question, p. 12

• … óq to be dry s-ǝɣǝr to dry kuŋgú to be full s-íywǝn to eat enough káŋ to fall ʃ-ǝḍḍǝr to make fall héw to cry s-ǝlhá to make cry gorá to sit ʃ-áɣam to make sit záw to take ʃ-úuwa to send s.th. to s.b. taŋgá to lead (animal) ʃ-ǝwǝt to make go (animal) ahead of s.b. dút to pound ʒ-íygiʒ to make s.b. pound There are over one hundred verbs in our corpus that have a suppletive root for the causative (as well as the other derivations treated below) (see Appendix II). 3.1.3.2.2 Exce …

  Christiansen-Bolli (2010), A Grammar of Tadaksahak, a Northern Songhay Language of Mali, p. 75

• … sly) to make straight to create to make wide b) bér ʃ-ámɣar to honor (person); to respect (person) káŋ ʃ-ǝḍḍǝr to make fall báaɣa ʃ-éeṛa to make s.b. love s.b. záw ʃ-úuwa to send s.th. to s.b. taŋgá ʃ-ǝwǝt to make go (animal) ahead of s.b. There are a few other irregular forms: (16) Irregular forms root causative gloss (of the causative) raɣís ʃǝ-rɣǝʃ to make cheap / to facilitate déeraw sú-dru to make have in common A few Songhay cognates take the Tamasheq derivational prefi …

  Christiansen-Bolli (2010), A Grammar of Tadaksahak, a Northern Songhay Language of Mali, p. 76

• … mu. 3P-SUBJ-make 3S COM slave Each male who arrived at their (place) was taken to be made a slave. The following sentence illustrates the sa-strategy. (10) A-Ø-zaw surgay fo [sa itila zaɣri a-te-ŋa imuṇas iʃa]. 3S-PERF-marry woman INDEF COMPZR each day 3S-FUT-eat camel.PL seven He married a certain woman, who (once they were married) used to eat seven camels a day. 2.2 Direct object When the direct object is relativized in other Songhay languages, a resumptive pronoun occupie …

  Christiansen & Levinsohn (2003), Relative Clauses in Tadaksahak, p. 5

• … ve clause is relativized. The function of the relative clause is not to identify which woman he married, but to give additional information about her. (58) A-Ø-zaw surgay fo, sa [itila zaɣri a-te-ŋa imuṇas iʃa]. 3S-PERF-marry woman INDEF COMPZR each day 3S-FUT-eat camel.PL seven He married a certain woman, who (once they were married) used to eat seven camels a day. As noted in sec. 2.2, the relativized constituent in the following example is a direct object, not an indirect …

  Christiansen & Levinsohn (2003), Relative Clauses in Tadaksahak, p. 14